Hydraulic control



June 18, 1940. G E BARNHART 2,204,649

HYDRAULIC CONTROL Filed June 6, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. J Geor'qe E. Bornhur'i'.

BY p

f I W ATTORNEY.

June 18, 1940. G, a B RNQART 2,204,649

HYDRAULIC CONTROL 1 Filed June 6, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i=1 ZE FT 5 1 [Illa/A INVENTOR. Geor'c e E. Barnhar'f.

BY W TO EY.

Patented June 18, 1940 t t UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HYDRAULIC CONTROL George E. Barnhart, Pasadena, Calif. Application June 6, 1938, Serial No. 212,030

' 3 Claims. (Ci. 60--54.6)

This invention relates to improvements in a u e e upp t as a a e portion ll D novel control member and a system for remotely jecting therefrom on which is mounted an elon operating th m gated hollow dust cap Hi the end of which oppo- 'The general object of the invention is to prote t e a e '8 s clos d. Opening through vide anovel self-locking hydraulically operated the per p eral surface thereof the sup control m ber, has a circumferentially extending slot2ll therein. A further object of the invention is to provide T e h us n 3 i lud s an n d externally a novel hydraulically operated control member t eaded head portion 2| which is positioned in which may be operated by one or more operating the threaded aperture l5'of .the support l2. The m mb housing l3 further includes an elongated cylin- A still further object of the invention is to d l r c s 22 which opens through the head provide means whereby two or more of the conend thereof and is the same diameter as the suptrol members may be actuated by one operating p ape ture 'L. m mb Positioned in the support recess I6 I provide An additional object of my invention is to proa sleeve member 23 W c s n ap e 24 15 vide a control member including a novel key and therein 0f the Same diameter as the pp keyway t ti aperture ll. Furthermore the sleeve member 23 other objects and the advantages of this inincludes an Operating m 5 w i h p oj c vention will be apparent from the following de-. outwardly through t uppor Slot 0. The scription taken in connection with the accom- Opposite feces o t S ve 3 each has an antipanying drawings, wherein: friction bearing raceway 26 therein filled with a Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section through plurality of ct on members 21. The my impr d t l member showing it permembers 21 on one side engage the bottom of the atively connected to a plurality of operating Support recess and On the Oppo te S de enmembers and with one of the operating lllelngage the face Of e housing e d po tion 2 5 hers and one of the pressure maintenance r935.- POSitiOI'iGd ill the housing I'GCGSS 22 the sleeve ervoirs i t aperture 24 and the support aperture I1 I pro- Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Vide e mevable Cylinder member e cyl- 3 is an elevation of h movable cylinder inder 28 has an elongated cylindrical recess 29 removed from th housing; therein which opens through the end thereof 30 30 Fig, 4 is a fragm ntary development of the towards the dust cap l9. Adjacent the open end movable cylinder on a reduced Scale; thereof the cylinder includes a reduced externally Fig 5 is a development of the interior f f threaded portion 30 which is engaged by a threadthe sleeve member; ed cap member 3| to close the end of the cylin- Fig. 6 is a. fragmentary, enlarged, sectional The Opposlte end of the cylmder detail; and cludes a reduced externally threaded portion 32 Fig 7 is a View Showing a pair of the control WlllCh has a recess 33 therein. AdJacent the duced portion 32 the cylinder has an aperture members adapted to operate the steering mechre anism of an automobile andbeing operated y a 34 theiem WhlCh opens into the recess 29 and the recess 33.

single operatmg member: In the outer face thereof the cylinder 28 has 40 Referrmg drawmgs reference a plurality of straight longitudinal spline keyways acters I have mdmated my Improved hydrauh 35 therein in which spline keys 36 mounted in Cally Operated control member generally at slots in the housing l3 are positioned. The keys As shown the device includes a support member are held in place by a collar which as and ahousmg member shown tightly engages the housing. Further- 45 As shown in 2 suPport mcludes more the cylinder 28 has a plurality'of spiral suitably apertured flange portlms by means spline keyways 31 in the outer face thereof in of which it may be mounted on a desired which spline keys 38 mounted in the sleeve 23 p rt- At ne nd t suppo t II a a t read d are positioned. (See Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive.) 50 aperture l5 therein and a reduced recess 16 which Fr m the foregoing it will be apparent that Opens into tlhe ed perture. when the cylinder 28 is moved longitudinally the pp e e t ead d ap e e pport spline keys 36 will prevent rotation thereof and I2 has an aperture l1 therein which is of less the spiral keyways 31 through the medium of diameter than the recess l6 and opens therethe spline keys 38 will cause the sleeve 23 to Ni into. Spaced from and surrounding the aper-rotate.

All the keyways and keys are preferably formed as shown in Fig. 6 with the side walls thereof converging inwardly so that the plane of the side walls meet at the axis of the cylinder. This assures a proper fit for the keys.

Positioned in the cylinder 28 and the housing 22 I provide a stationary hollow piston rod 48. The piston rod 48 is positioned in the aperture 34 of the cylinder and extends out of the housing I3 through an aperture M in the end wall thereof. The outer end of the piston rod 48 includes a threaded portion 42 which is positioned in a threaded recess 43 of a header member 44. Positioned on the threaded portion 42 of the piston rod within the housing I provide a lock nut 45 which when tightened against the end wall of the housing together with the header. 44 firmly secures the piston rod 48 in position.

Surrounding the piston rod 48 at each end thereof I provide packing means 46.which is retained in position by a threaded cap member 41 engaging the threaded cylinder portion 32.

Within the cylinder recess 29 the piston rod 48 includes an enlarged flange portion 48 and spaced from the flange 48 the inner end of the piston rod includes an externally threaded portion 49 on which a nut 58 is positioned.

Surrounding the piston rod 48 between the flange 48 and the nut 58 I provide a packing 5I.

The flange 48, nut 58 and packing 5I constitute,-

in effect, a piston. The piston rod 48 has a recess 52 therein which opens through the threaded end 42 thereof and at the other end terminates in a reduced threaded aperture 53. The flange 48 includes an aperture 52 which affords communication between the interior of the piston rod 48 and the exterior thereof.

Positioned in the piston rod 48 I provide a tube 54 the outer diameter of which is less than thediameter of the piston rod recess 52. The tube 54 at one end extends beyond the threaded end 42 of the piston rod and adjacent the opposite end includes an enlarged head portion 55 which engages the bottom of the piston rod recess 52.

Beyond the head 55 the tube 54 includes a reduced externally threaded portion 56 which is positioned in the threaded piston aperture 53.

As shown the header 44 has a reduced recess 51 therein in the bottom of the threaded recess 43 and coaxial with'the recess 51 and opening through the outer face thereof the header has a threaded recess 58 therein. Coaxial with the recesses 51 and 58 the header has an aperture 59 therein opening into both the-recesses 51 and 58.

Positioned in the threaded recess 58 I provide a threaded conduit nipple 68 which has an enlarged recess 6| opening through the inner face thereof in which the outer end of the conduit 54 is positioned.

Spaced from the recess 58 the header 44 includes a threaded recess 62 opening into the bottom of which is a reduced recess 83. The header furthermore includes an aperture 64 one end i each device 18 includes a body portion H which at one end includes an externally threaded portion 12. Opening through the threaded end thereof the body II has a cylindrical recess 13 therein and opening into the recess 13 the body has an elongated cylindrical recess 14 therein. Adjacent the threaded end thereof the body 1I includes an elongated boss 15 extending therefrom which has an aperture 16 therein opening into the recess 14 adjacent the recess 13.

One end of a conduit 11 is connected to the boss 15 by a suitable .coupling member 18 and the opposite end is connected to the conduit nipple 68 of the device I8 by a suitable coupling member 19.

Adjacent the closed end thereof the body 1I includes an elongated boss 88 extending therefrom which has an aperture 8I therein opening into the recess 14.

One end of a conduit 82 is connected to-the boss 88 by a suitable coupling member 83 and the opposite end is connected to the conduit nipple 65 of the device I8 by a suitable coupling member 84,

The boss 15 includes an inlet portion 85 and the boss 88 includes a similar inlet portion 86. One end of a conduit 81 is connected to the inlet portion 85 by a suitable coupling member 88 and the opposite end is connected to the boss 86 by a suitable coupling member 89. Interposed in the conduit 81 I provide a shut off valve 98.

Positioned on the body H I provide a cap member 9I which includes a head portion 92 and a reduced elongated portion 93. The body portion 92 has a threaded recess 94 therein in which the threaded portion 12 of the body II is positioned. The cap 9| has a cylindrical aperture 95 therein which opens into the recess 94 and the outer end of the elongated portion 93 includes a threaded portion 96.

Positioned in the aperture 95 adjacent the outer end thereof I provide a plug member 91 which has an aperture 98 therethrough. The plug member 91 includes an enlarged circular flange portion 99 positioned inwardly from the outer end thereof and which engages the end of the cap portion 93.

For rotatably securing the plug member 91 in position I' provide a cap member I88 which has a threaded recess I8I therein in which the threaded portion 96 of the cap 9| is positioned. Opening into the bottom of the recess I8I the cap I88 includes a recess I82 and opening through the end thereof and into the recess I82 the cap includes an aperture I83.

The flange portion 99 of the plug 91 is positioned in the cap recess I82 and the outer portion of the plug 91 is positioned in the cap aperture I83.

Positioned in the'aperture 95 of the cap 9| and the recess 14 of the body H and extending beyond the end of the body 1| I provide a piston rod I85. The end of the piston rod I85 in the body recess 14 includes a threaded portion I86 on which a nut I81 is positioned. Spaced from the threaded portion I86 the piston rod includes an enlarged flange portion I88. Surrounding the piston rod I85 between the nut I81 and the flange 'I88 I provide a packed piston head I89.

Opening through the end thereof opposite the piston head the piston rod I85 has an elongated threaded recess II8 therein in which a threaded stem H2 is positioned.

The threaded stem II8 includes a reduced portion II3 which is positioned in the aperture 98 of,the plug member 91. A pin 3' causes the plug 91 and stem III! to turn together. Beyond 75 operating hand wheel II4 thereon. Surround- I ing the piston rod I05 at each end of the recess 13 of the body H I provide packing means H5. From the foregoing it will be apparent that when the threaded stem 2 is rotated by means of the hand wheel I I4 it will move the piston rod and piston head longitudinally within the recess 14 of the body 1I.

Associated with the operating member 10 I provide a pair of pressure equalizing reservoirs H6 and H1. The reservoirs H6 and Ill areof similar construction and each includes a hollow cup like body II8 which adjacent its open end includes an internally threaded portion II9. En-

gaging the threaded portion I I9 I provide a cap member I20 which has a small breather aperture I2I therethrough opening into the interior of the-- body II8.

Positioned in the body H8 I provide a cup shaped piston I22 the open end of which is towards the cup I2I. Opposite the open portion thereof the piston has a cup shaped packing member I23 thereon the open face of which is towards the closed end of the body II8. Positioned in the cupped portion of the piston I22 I provide a coiled spring I24 which engages the cap I20 and urges the piston towards the closed end of the body. The closed end of the body II8 includes an outlet portion I25.

Intermediate the body II and the inlet 85 the boss 15 includes an inlet I26 passageway through which is controlled by a ball check valve mechanism I21. The check valve I21 operates to allow free passage into the boss aperture 16 from the inlet I26 and prevents passage out of the aperture 16 into the inlet I26.

Similarly intermediate the body H and the inlet 86 the boss 80 includes an inlet I28 passageway through which is controlled by a ball check valve mechanism I 29. The check valve I29 operates to allow free passage into the boss aperture 8| from the inlet I28 and prevents passage out of the aperture 8| into the inlet I28..

One end of a conduit I30 is connected to the inlet I26 of the boss 15 by a suitable coupling member I3I and the opposite end is connected to the outlet I25 of the reservoir member II6 by a suitable coupling member I32.

One end of a conduitl33 is connected to the inlet I28. of the boss 80 by a suitable coupling member I34 and the opposite end is connected to the outlet I25 of the reservoir member II1 by a suitable coupling member I35.

In operation the cylinder 28 of the device I0, the recess 14 of the device 10, the bodies of the devices H6 and H1 below the pistons therein and the various interconnecting conduits are filled with oil or other liquid. The valve 90 is closed and the piston head I09 is moved as previously described to one end of the recess 14.

The valve 90 is then opened and then again closed and the piston head I09 is then moved to the opposite end of the piston. By repeating this manuever several times it will assure the same amount of fluid being in the system on both sides of the packing 5| and the piston head I09. After the valve is finally closed should the fluid in either side of the system diminish due to leakage the equalizer reservoir will supply the diminished fluid. For instance, should the fluid in the conduit 11 diminish the spring pressed piston I22 of the device II6 willimmediately force fluid through the conduit I30 and by the check valve I21 into the boss aperture 16.

'the conduit 82 and the fluid from the recess 14 through the boss 15, the

conduit 11 and the nipple 60 into and through the conduit member 54 into the cylinder 29 on the side of the piston head 5| towards the cap 3| thereby forcing the cylinder .28 outward from the housing I3.

When the piston head I09 of the operating member 10 is moved towards the boss 80 it forces fluid from the recess 14 through the boss 80, nipple 65 into the header recess 63, thence through the aperture 64 into the recess 51 from which it passesinto the piston rod recess 52 and out therefrom through the aperture 52' into the cylinder recess 29 on the side of the piston packing 5| towards the cap 41 thereby forcing the cylinder 28 towards the header 44.

When itis desired to provide two operating members 10 for independently actuating the control member II] as shown in Fig. 1 a T-fitting I36 is interposed in the conduit 11 and a similar fitting I31 is interposed in the conduit 82.

One end of a conduit I38 is connected by a suitable coupling member I39 to the fitting I36 and theopposite end. is connected by a suitable coupling member I40 to the boss 15 of the second operating member 10.

Likewise one end of a conduit MI is connected by a suitable coupling member I42 to the fitting I 31 and the opposite end is connected by a suitable coupling member I43 to the boss 80 of the second operating member 10.

In Fig. 7 I illustrate an adaptation of the system to the steering gear of an automobile. In this arrangement two control members- I45 are secured to the front axle I46 and a single operating member I41 is secured to a suitable support portion I48. The control members I45 are each similar to the previously described control member I0 and like portions thereof are indicated by similarly primed reference' numerals. Also the operating member I41 is similar to the operating member 10 and like portions thereof are indicated by similarly primed reference numerals.

In this installation the conduits 11' from the control members I45 are connected through a fitting I49 to a single conduit I50 which in turn is connected by a suitable coupling member I5I to the boss 15 of the operating member I 41. The conduits 82 from the control members I45 are connected through a fitting I52 to a single conduit I53 which in turn is connected by a suitable coupling member I54 to the boss 80' of the operating member I41.

The operating arm 25 of each of the control members I45 is connected through a suitable link mechanism I55 to its associated steering knuckle I56.

The shaft H3 of the operating member I41 has a regulation automobile steering wheel I51 parent that I have provided a novel hydraulically operated member and means for actuating the same.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. In a device of the class described, a control member including a housing having a bore therein closed at one end, a movable cylinder in said bore, a sleeve member in said housing and rotatable about said cylinder, said housing having a slot, an arm on said sleeve positioned in said slot, means to prevent rotation of said cylinder when it moves, means to cause rotation of said sleeve when the cylinder moves, a piston within the cylinder, a hollow piston rod extending through the cylinder end and connecting the piston to the housing, a hollow tube within the piston rod, and passage means connecting the interior of the piston rod to the cylinder on one side of the piston and the interior of the tube to the cylinder on the other side of the piston.

2. In a device of the class described, a housing having a bore therein and closed at one end, a movable cylinder in said bore, said housing-having a chamber, a sleeve member positioned in said chamber, said housing having an elongated slot therein, an arm on said sleeve positioned in said slot, a plurality of longitudinally extending straight spline keyways in the outer surface of said cylinder, a plurality of splines mounted in said housing and positioned in said spline keyways, a pluralityof helically arranged spline keyways in the outer surface of said cylinder, a plurality of spline keys mounted in said sleeve and positioned in said helical keyways, said cylinder having closed ends and having an aperture in one end opening into said housing bore, a piston rod positioned in said cylinder aperture, said piston having a piston thereon, the closed end of said housing having an aperture through which said piston rod extends, means to secure said piston rod to said housing and means to supply fluid to each side of said piston.

3. In a device of the class described, a housing having a bore therein and closed at one end, a movable cylinder in said bore, said housing said chamber, said housing having an elongated slot therein, an arm on said sleeve positioned in said slot, a plurality of longitudinally extending straight spline keyways in the outer surface of said' cylinder, a plurality of splines mounted in said housing and positioned in said spline keyways, a plurality of helically arranged spline keyways in the outer surface of said cylinder, a plurality of spline keys mounted in said sleeve and positioned insaid helical keyways, said cylinder having closed ends and having an aperture in one end opening into said housing bore, a piston within the cylinder, ahollow piston rod extending through thecylinder end and connecting the piston to the housing, a hollow tube within the piston rod, and passage means connecting the interior of the piston rod, to the cylinder on one side of the piston and the interior of the tube to the cylinder on the other side of the piston.

GEORGE E. BARNHART; 

